Lithium-Ion Phosphate Battery:
- 1. Li-Ion Battery for Energy Storage in Solar & other Energy Storage application
- 2. Li-Ion Battery for E vehicle for Two, Three & Four Wheelers, E Rickshaws, E cycles etc,
- 3. Li Ion Battery for Energy Storage in Solar & other Energy Storage application Lithium iron phosphate battery is a type of lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material to store lithium ions. LFP batteries typically use graphite as the anode material. The chemical makeup of LFP batteries gives them a high current rating, good thermal stability, and long service life. Let’s explore the many reasons that lithium iron phosphate battery is the future of solar energy storage.
LiIon Battery for Energy Storage in Solar & other Energy Storage application
Lithium iron phosphate battery is a type of lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material to store lithium ions. LFP batteries typically use graphite as the anode material. The chemical makeup of LFP batteries gives them a high current rating, good thermal stability, and long service life. Let’s explore the many reasons that lithium iron phosphate battery is the future of solar energy storage.
LIB technology is a major tool to fight the environmental pollution caused by human activities, but at the same time, we need to balance the environmental impacts and benefits of this next-generation technology. But there is an urgent need to make the lithium ion battery production and extraction process more eco-friendly and also to make people aware of proper disposal mechanisms of the batteries to minimize the environmental impact.
Lithium-Ion-Batteries
Summarizing The Entire NMC
Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) A cathode combination of nickel, manganese, and cobalt is one of the most successful Li-ion systems. These systems, like Li-manganese, can be modified to serve as Energy Cells or Power Cells. NMC in a 18650 cell for moderate load conditions has a capacity of about 2,800mAh and can produce 4A to 5A; NMC in the same cell can be optimized for specific power. For example, it can have a capacity of just about 2,000mAh but can deliver a continuous discharge current of 20A. The capacity of a silicon-based anode can be increased to 4,000mAh and beyond, but at the cost of reduced loading capability and shorter cycle life. The anode grows and shrinks with charge and discharge, making the cell mechanically unstable. Silicon added to graphite has the disadvantage of growing and shrinking with charge and discharge, making the cell mechanically unstable.
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Parameter
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Details
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Voltage
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3.60V, 3.70V nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell, or higher
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Specific Energy (Capacity)
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150–220Wh/kg
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Charge (C-rate)
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0.7–1C, charges to 4.20V, some go to 4.30V; 3h charge typical.
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Discharge (C-rate)
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1C; 2C possible on some cells; 2.50V cut-off
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Cycle Life
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1000–2000
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Thermal Runaway
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210°C (410°F) typical. High charge promotes thermal runaway
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Cost
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~$420 per kWh (Approx)
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Application
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E-bikes, medical devices, EVs, industrial
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Summarizing The Entire LFP
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Parameter
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Details
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Voltage
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3.20, 3.30V nominal; typical operating range 2.5–3.65V/cell
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Specific Energy (Capacity)
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90–120Wh/kg
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Charge (C-rate)
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1C typical, charges to 3.65V
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Discharge (C-rate)
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1C, 25C on some cells; 40A pulse (2s); 2.50V cut-off (lower that 2V causes damage)
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Cycle Life
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2000 and Higher (related to depth of discharge, temperature)
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Thermal Runaway
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270°C (518°F) Very safe battery even if fully charged
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Cost
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~$580 per kWh (Approx)
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Application
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Portable and stationary needing high load currents and endurance
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Phosphate was identified as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries in 1996 by the University of Texas (and other collaborators). Li-phosphate has a low resistance and strong electrochemical performance. The nano-scale phosphate cathode material allows for this. The high current rating and long cycle life, as well as strong thermal stability, increased safety, and tolerance if mistreated, are the main advantages.
Li-phosphate is tolerant of moderate overcharging; however, holding the voltage at 14.40V foran extended period, as most vehicles do on a long drive, could cause Li-phosphate to become stressed. How long Li-Phosphate will last as a lead-acid replacement in a conventional vehicle charging system will be determined over time. Cold temperatures diminish Li-ion performance, which can affect cranking ability in extreme instances.
